ELDORET, Kenya (PAMACC News) - Samson Tanui’s piece of land in Kesses, a village in the outskirts of Eldoret City is a living example of ecological farming, one of the themes that took centre stage at the just concluded 29th round of climate negotiations (COP29) in Baku, Azerbaijan. On his plot, the father of two children has demonstrated how a quarter an acre of land can be used to produce food all year round without paying attention to seasonal rainfall, thereby generating daily income, and nourishing his family with fresh homegrown food. “This garden is my ecological mini-supermarket,” said Tanui. “At any given time, my family has access to different types of fruits such as oranges, guavas, bananas, mangoes and berries among others, fresh leafy vegetables, eggs, honey, chicken meat, goat milk, rabbit meat, tubers, freshly picked cereals like perennial beans, and soon we will have fresh fish from our makeshift fish pond,” he said. And now, experts at COP29 have called on leaders to avail funding for such innovative sustainable farming techniques as a way of building climate resilience and adaptation to climate change, thereby promoting sustainable food systems. Tanui employs permaculture farming system with adherence to agroecological farming techniques, where crops depend on the livestock for soil fertility in order to produce food for the family, and fodder and feeds for the livestock. As a result, biodiversity thrives, with insects like bees relying on crop flowers to make honey, while in the process, they cross pollinate the crops. During COP29 in Baku, delegates in different forums discussed about the need to promote sustainable food security, production and nutrition, while conserving, protecting and restoring nature as a way of adapting to the looming climate crisis. “As climate change profoundly disrupts food systems, the only way to safeguard global food security is to prioritise helping small-scale farmers to adapt to the new reality,” said Alvaro Lario, President of the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). “The first step is for leaders at COP29 to set an ambitious goal for adaptation finance that allows food production to continue even as the planet warms.” If scaled up, experts observed that sustainable agricultural practices can reduce emissions, enhance food security, and create resilience against future climate shocks. “Small-scale farmers often live in poverty and have little choice. They must adapt or will starve,” said Lario, noting that adaptation is a matter of global food security, but also geopolitical stability. Tanui’s garden has been set up based on a deliberate plan in relation to the principles of permaculture, where it has been divided into five different segments. The first unit is his house, and right outside, there is the second unit, which is a kitchen garden, mainly featuring vegetables that include cabbages, kales, spinach, cowpeas, amaranth, egg plants, and chilli among others. “The kitchen garden unit must be set next to the house because it requires intensive management, and the crops planted there are needed in the kitchen from time to time,” said Tanui.…

BAKU, Azerbaijan (PAMACC News) - More than ever before, African environmental Civil Society Organisations, youth groups, and country representatives at the two week 29th climate change summit (COP29) in Baku, Azerbaijan, united under one voice, calling on the Global North to keep the promise of climate finance, but desist from imposing loans on climate burdened countries. Kenya is one of the countries bedeviled with such climate related loans of which the government has no option, but to keep taxing the already overtaxed and climate burdened citizens in order to service the ‘climate finance’ debts. “It is quite immoral to burden African communities who are already paying the ultimate prize of climate change with unfair loans to mitigate a disaster, apparently caused by the financier,” said Jessica Mwanzia, the Climate Finance and Gender Lead at the Pan African Climate Justice Alliance (PACJA). “Africa emits a paltry four percent of the total global greenhouse gases, most of which is absorbed just by one carbon sink – the Congo Basin, leaving the continent with almost no, or extremely insignificant emissions,” said the activist. The World Bank describes the Congo Basin as the “lungs of Africa”, being one of the largest forest-based carbon sinks in the world, absorbing up to 1.2 billion tons of carbon annually against 1.4 million tons of the emissions from the continent. “Africa faces a unique climate paradox,” said Dr Augustine Njamnshi, the Director - African Coalition for Sustainable Energy and Access (ACSEA). “We are a continent rich in biodiversity, vast forests, and vital ecosystems that help stabilise the planet, not to mention a continent rich with minerals essential for energy transition, yet, the most impacted by climate disasters,” he said. The civil society at COP29 intensified the pressure on the developed world to mobilise resources to support African communities with climate adaptation funds that are need-based, and in form of grants. Ironically, African countries including Kenya are already grappling with loans guised as ‘climate finance’ through projects that purport to ‘prevent further emission,’ or to sequester ‘existing greenhouse gases’ from the atmosphere. Furthermore, the climate financiers are seeking to recoup back money advanced to the country among other African countries to support climate adaptation projects. “How can a climate change financier seek to be paid back money invested in a water project for example, set up for a community whose water sources have been destroyed as a result of climate change?” asked Mwanzia. “Loans are supposed to be given to business entities whose main objective is to make profits and not to communities struggling to adapt to climate related disasters,” she said. Through the Green Climate Fund (GCF), the world largest facility for climate finance that was established within the framework of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to assist developing countries with climate change adaptation and mitigation activities, Kenyan tax payers are among African communities that have been exposed to debt burdens amounting to hundreds of billions of shillings in the name of climate finance.…

BAKU, Azerbaijan (PAMACC News) – African environmental activists at the ongoing COP29 climate summit in Baku are urging climate financiers to stop burdening poor countries with unmanageable loans under the guise of funding climate adaptation and mitigation projects. Just a few months ago, widespread protests erupted in East and West Africa, led by young people demanding an end to heavy taxes imposed by governments to service foreign loans—many of which have been embezzled by corrupt leaders. “We reject loans and any form of debt for a continent that had no role in causing global warming. We refuse to borrow from the arsonist to put out the fire they started and which is burning our livelihoods,” said Dr. Mithika Mwenda, Executive Director of the Pan African Climate Justice Alliance (PACJA). According to PACJA, between 70 and 80 percent of financing from the Green Climate Fund (GCF) to African countries comes in the form of loans, often routed through intermediaries. In practice, only a fraction of these funds—sometimes less than 10 percent—actually reach the climate-burdened communities that need them most. “We demand that these finances be directed first and foremost toward those most exposed to climate risks and least able to adapt,” Dr. Mwenda continued. “This means moving beyond fragmented and delayed funding and ensuring a reliable, affordable, accessible, and timely flow of finance—preferably in the form of grants—that matches the scale of the crisis,” he said during Africa Day, an annual event organized by the African Development Bank on the sidelines of COP29. One of the many problematic financial instruments imposed on African countries is the Sustainable Renewables Risk Mitigation Initiative (SRMI) Facility. This initiative, primarily a mitigation project aimed at offsetting 89 million tons of carbon emissions, has seen six African countries and one from Asia-Pacific (Kenya, DR Congo, Namibia, Mali, Botswana, and the Central African Republic) saddled with a loan of USD 1.6 billion. This loan, intended to offset emissions primarily from the Global North, will have to be repaid by the very communities already bearing the brunt of climate change. Despite Africa contributing less than 4 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions, these countries are expected to repay loans taken for projects designed to mitigate the environmental damage caused by wealthier nations. The GCF approved the project on March 19, 2021, with the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Development Association overseeing its implementation, under the supervision of Mr. Zhihong Zhang, a Senior Carbon Finance Specialist based in Washington, D.C. Another example is the Leveraging Energy Access Finance (LEAF) Framework, approved on July 1, 2021, and implemented by the African Development Bank (AfDB). The project, meant to help Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Nigeria, and Tunisia avoid emitting 29.9 million tons of greenhouse gases, requires repayment of a loan amounting to USD 959.9 million. The burden of this loan will fall on poor taxpayers, many of whom are already suffering the impacts of climate change. Activists argue that focusing on mitigation loans for African countries is…

BAKU, Azerbaijan (PAMACC News) - The Fund for responding to Loss and Damage is now ready to accept contributions after the signing of key documents. The Fund will serve as a lifeline by providing critical and urgent support for those impacted by the devastating consequences of climate change. With this important milestone reached, the Fund is now expected to start financing projects in 2025. A ceremony at COP29 in Baku celebrated the signing of the Trustee Agreement and the Secretariat Hosting Agreement between the Board of the Fund for responding to Loss and Damage and the World Bank, as well as the Host Country Agreement between the Fund Board and the Fund Board’s host country, the Republic of the Philippines. The Presidency is working with all countries that have pledged money to complete their contribution agreements as soon as possible. At the November 12 event, Sweden pledged 200M kr (approximately $19M) to the Fund, subject to government approval. This significant contribution brings the total pledged funding to more than $720M. The COP29 Presidency thanked Sweden for answering the call to action and continues to urge further pledges to the Fund to better meet the needs of communities on the frontlines of climate change. Loss and damage has been a key priority in the COP29 Presidency’s plan to enhance ambition and enable action. The Presidency has pushed for progress across all parts of the loss and damage landscape throughout the year. Today’s vital win for climate vulnerable communities is the result of years of work across borders and organizations. Parties made significant progress at COP27 in Egypt and COP28 in the UAE by establishing and providing for the operationalization of the Fund. This year, the COP29 Presidency has worked intensively with the Fund Board and the World Bank, alongside donor countries, to complete the preparations for today’s breakthrough. This includes hosting the third meeting of the Fund Board in Azerbaijan in September, where significant progress was made to operationalize the Fund, laying the groundwork for disbursing the much-needed financial support starting in 2025. The selection of Ibrahima Cheikh Diong as the Fund’s Executive Director further enhanced the institutionalization of the Fund. These developments will build momentum as Parties work to reach a balanced package of outcomes at COP29. “This progress will allow us to finally turn pledges into real support. That means that funding will be able to flow in 2025. We should reflect on what this breakthrough will mean for real people. It means houses being rebuilt, people being resettled, and lives and livelihoods saved,” said COP29 President Mukhtar Babayev. “But our work is not done. Now, the Fund needs to identify projects to get support flowing. All countries that have pledged money must complete their contribution agreements. And we need more pledges so we can meet the urgent needs of climate change victims.” “Today demonstrated again the power of global solidarity in advancing climate action. We must keep the momentum to ensure that the Fund reaches countries in need…