NYERI, Kenya (PAMACC News) - Although she struggles to make her economic stake as a housewife, Louise Nyawira is beginning to count herself a winner.
The mother of two, who operates a cook stoves making stand at Kangemi estate on the fringes of Nyeri town, is among hundreds in Kenya who are making business out of the kitchen.
For every switch a mother makes from the traditional three stones cooking set up to the energy saving cook stove here, there will be more clanging at Nyawira’s yard.
“There is high demand for the energy cook stoves because they use less firewood or charcoal,” explains Nyawira.
It is easy to see why. At her tin smith yard, the floor is littered with cut metal sheets. A basin at one end is half full with paste cement and clay. It is the assembling of these that have resulted to the waist high pile of newly made cook stoves at another end.
“All these are for servicing an order of 30 cook stoves that we must deliver to a customer today,” beams her husband, Philip Njau, who makes the cook stoves, while Nyawira delivers them.
Nyawira says customers place orders from as far as neighbouring Counties, for as much a $ 100 in a day.
Lately, the couple is planning to hire a tin smith to assist them in making the cook stoves, to meet the high demand.
Creating business out of clean energy solutions is an emerging niche that is pulling Kenyan women like Nyawira from the kitchen to the wealth creation ring.
With the income she receives from the cook stove making venture, she is able to meet basic expenses like paying school fees for her two children, and buying food.
“The good return the business is making has even bonded me closer with my husband,” she says. “We are able to sit down and plan for our family and how to make the business better.”
The successful adoption of clean cooking technologies ‘is evidence that poor people are willing, able and indeed often keen, to pay market prices for energy services’, argues the 2016 poor people’s energy outlook report by Practical Action.
However, they are unable to afford the full cost of the higher levels of access which would fully meet their needs, adds the report.
For instance, the report says, over 84 per cent of Kenyans rely on biomass as their primary energy source for cooking and heating, with firewood contributing 69 per cent and charcoal 13 per cent of this figure.
But resources like firewood are diminishing, forcing mothers like Margaret Wanjugu to make a one kilometer journey to buy it from the nearest retailer from her home in Solio village, central Kenya.
“There is no firewood,” says Wanjugu, indicating that the resource is on the decline at the nearby forest which the community there has been relying for fuel.
Even for those who dare make the 10 kilometer walk to comb for dry twigs at the Gathorongai forest floor, the journey is replete with danger.
Stray wild animals like elephants send the mothers scampering for their safety, while some live with the pain of being raped by human stalkers living in the forest.
“This is why I prefer to spend at least two dollars to buy firewood,” says Wanjugu, adding that these can last even two months.
However, this was after Wanjugu acquired an energy saving cook stove, which she came to know about after meeting the Sustainable Community Development Services (SCODE) officials.
There is an economic benefit too. These days, she uses the time used to collect firewood from the forest to herd her goats, do some farming, or even take a leisure walk to Nyeri town.
“The idea is to ensure women economic empowerment through energy enterprises as way of meeting the SDG on energy that Kenya is a signatory to,” explains Practical Action programme manager, Lydia Muchiri.
The Women in Energy Enterprises in Kenya (WEEK) project, says Muchiri, aims to reach 730 small scale women energy entrepreneurs in Kenya.
By her estimation, their empowerment can benefit some 364,200 Kenyans, including institutions, where 450 jobs will be created by women enterprises in the project areas, including Rift Valley, Western and Nairobi regions.
Such a hopeful outlook seems to impress Lilian Njeri, who is a volunteer at Imarisha (to make better) Community Based Organization (CBO) in central Kenya.
“We create business opportunities for mothers because there is high demand for charcoal briquettes by farmers who do chicken farming,” says Winnie Kamau, who has been training Njeri at the CBO.
The farmers use the briquettes for indoor warming because the product does not emit noxious fumes, she adds.
“Energy enterprises have better returns for poor because every household must cook every day,” argues James Mwangi, a technology mentor at SCODE and coordinator of WEEK in central Kenya.
SCODE is promoting improved cook stove, charcoal briquettes and solar technologies in Kenya, he says.
NAIROBI, Kenya (PAMACC News) – As Kenyans brace for another bout with drought, a new study released in Nairobi found that local agrodealers could play a pivotal role in helping farmers adapt to climate change.
The study established that agrodealers assistance is severely limited by a shortage of certified crop seed stocks and financing options.
Kenya Markets Trust, through its implementing partner in crop seed, Agri Experience, commissioned a study to interview 438 agro-dealers across eight counties.
The study, which was carried out by Bayesian Consulting Group, found farmer demand for certified seed regularly exhausted stocks at the agro-dealer shops, particularly for non-maize seed. The lack of seed for crops other than maize impedes efforts to fight climate change through crop diversification.
"What this report shows is that as growing conditions become more challenging, the fight for food security in Kenya may be won or lost with rural agro-dealers," said Anastasia Mbatia, a seed distribution specialist at Agri Experience. "While we are glad to hear farmer demand for certified seed is rising rapidly, it is frustrating to learn that many agro-dealers lack both the quantity and variety of seeds Kenyan farmers need to avoid drought-induced devastation."
For example, 51 per cent of the agro-dealers interviewed said they cannot keep up with farmer demand for certified seed. Meanwhile, 18 per cent lack the financing to increase stocks, even though potential sales would easily cover the credit. Moreover, agro-dealers often lacked certified seed for crops other than maize. As many agriculture experts note, improved varieties of crops like beans, sorghum and millet would be far better choices than maize when climate forecasts like those for early 2017 warn of unreliable rains.
"It's frustrating that crop breeders have developed varieties that could protect Kenyan farmers from drought, yet too often seeds for these crops simply are not easily accessible for farmers," said Noel Templer, a research manager at Agri Experience.
He added, "But at least we have a strong network of agro-dealers in Kenya that appears receptive to expanding its seed offerings. What agrodealers need is the financial support and the seed quantities to help them do it."
The analysts travelled to 438 rural agro-dealerships in eight counties spanning various regions of the country, namely: Murang'a (Central), Taita-Taveta (Coast); Meru (Upper Eastern); Nakuru (Central Rift), Kericho (South Rift); Trans-Nzoia (North Rift); Bungoma (Western) and Kisii (Nyanza).
They surveyed agro-dealers about a wide range of issues that affected their businesses, including education levels, supplier relationships, gender, business costs, sales trends, and use of information and communications technology.
The analysts found that over 80 per cent of Kenya's agro-dealership owners have a college, graduate or post graduate level education. Therefore, they have the expertise to steer farmers to seed and inputs that can help them adapt to shifts in growing conditions. About 76 per cent of the agro-dealers said they work to educate farmers about both seed choices and farming practices that can boost yields.
A key positive finding from the study is that between 2014 and 2015, agrodealers posted an 85 per cent increase in the volume of maize seed they stocked and another 27 per cent jump in the 2016 long rains season. That's important, because maize harvests in Kenya, which average about 1.6 metric tons per hectare, lag far behind the global average of 5.6 metric tons. Wider use of certified seed for improved maize varieties is viewed as essential to closing this chronic "yield gap."
"This intense demand for high quality certified seed justifies extending affordable credit to agro-dealers to boost their inventory," said Templer. "In this study, financing for agrodealers emerged as a major barrier to offering farmers a wider menu of seed choices."
For example, while all of the agro-dealers said they carried maize seed, only 42 per cent stocked bean seeds, 16 per cent stocked sorghum, 10 per cent carried finger millet, and 4 per cent offered seed for green grams and cowpeas. The study authors saw these numbers as further evidence that Kenya's farmers are over-reliant on maize, which often performs poorly in drought relative to other crops.
"It's time to reduce the dominance of maize on Kenyan farms and in Kenyan diets and to do that, farmers need access to a much wider range of quality seeds for crops like beans and cowpeas," said Julius Kamau, an agro-dealer at Juja Agrovet in Embu County.
He added, "Seed producers can help by working with agro-dealers to establish demonstration plots that can showcase the superior performance of certified seeds for an array of crops."
The study notes that lack of a wider assortment of seeds at local agro-dealers is also an indication that many farmers continue to obtain seed through informal channels.
For example, they save seed from a previous year's crop or obtain it from a neighboring farm or local farmer's market, and often recycle it for very long periods of time without refreshing it. In fact, despite growing demand for certified seeds from commercial producers, about 78 per cent of all seed planted in Kenya still comes via informal channels.
Other key findings of the study are that agro-dealerships offer important opportunities for young people (under the age of 35), who were found to own just over 70 per cent of stockist businesses, while accounting for 29 per cent of wholesale agro-dealerships and on average, more than half of the agro-dealers' customers for seed were women.
Another finding is that despite the benefits of technology to improve their businesses, agro-dealers' use of information and communications technology (ICT) for business management is limited, with 66 per cent saying they do not use ICT tools. The report recommends that ICT should be promoted more among agro-dealers, and note that there is an opportunity to develop new, affordable tools for the agri-business sector.
The results of this study, including its recommendations, are expected to help guide both public and private sector organisations as they seek to enhance the role of agro-dealers in Kenya's agriculture industry, with the aim of reinforcing the formal seed system and expanding the adoption of improved crop seed varieties.
Under unique conservation model, a luxury lodge in Kenya and a conservation organization will work together to help a local community protect a critical ecosystem
NAIROBI, Kenya (PAMACC News) — Habitat loss poses a significant threat to biodiversity and people’s livelihoods in Kenya and beyond. Rapid land conversion, mostly driven by human population expansion, is behind this threat, and current trends demand innovative and long-term solutions to address it. For this reason, the African Wildlife Foundation (AWF) and Cottar’s Safari Lodges are teaming up to design and deliver conservation programs to support the Olderkesi community in the Masai Mara region in its conservation efforts.
“This conservation partnership joins one of the oldest ecotourism lodges in Kenya’s tourism industry with the oldest conservation organization in Africa. Such a partnership approach is key in supporting the conservation of the Olderkesi Conservancy and surrounding lands—we’re able to draw together Cottar’s longstanding relationships with the community with AWF’s conservation expertise to protect a critical elephant corridor in the Masai Mara,” says Kathleen Fitzgerald, vice president for land protection at African Wildlife Foundation.
The Olderkesi Group Ranch is host to one of the few remaining wildlife corridors in the Mara ecosystem. It is a part of a vital corridor between the Loita/Ngurman Hills and the Masai Mara National Reserve, hosting more than 3,000 elephants and thousands of transient plains herbivores, such as wildebeest, zebra, gazelles and giraffes. Similar to other parts of the Mara, wildlife in Olderkesi is threatened by land use change, habitat loss and blockage of corridors due to human activities. The ever-increasing human–wildlife interface has resulted in increased conflicts, leading to retaliatory killings.
The Olderkesi community area is an essential component of the Serengeti–Mara Ecosystem. It remains one of the last group ranches that have not been subdivided, and thus communities still have access to communal grazing areas, unlike other group ranches in the Mara. “This partnership will enable us to ensure the long-term survival of this critical ecosystem while providing jobs and supporting the local communities in protecting the land upon which they depend,” Calvin Cottar, director, Cottar Safaris.
The Masai Mara Reserve offers one of the Kenya’s premium wildlife reserve and important habitat areas for a great variety of wild African animals. It is unique for its great wildebeest migration, Africa's greatest natural spectacle and central point of branding for Kenya‘s tourism sector.
Ken-Arthur Wekesa is a Senior Manager, Media Relations African Wildlife Foundation (AWF)
Under unique conservation model, a luxury lodge in Kenya and a conservation organization will work together to help a local community protect a critical ecosystem
NAIROBI, Kenya (PAMACC News) — Habitat loss poses a significant threat to biodiversity and people’s livelihoods in Kenya and beyond. Rapid land conversion, mostly driven by human population expansion, is behind this threat, and current trends demand innovative and long-term solutions to address it. For this reason, the African Wildlife Foundation (AWF) and Cottar’s Safari Lodges are teaming up to design and deliver conservation programs to support the Olderkesi community in the Masai Mara region in its conservation efforts.
“This conservation partnership joins one of the oldest ecotourism lodges in Kenya’s tourism industry with the oldest conservation organization in Africa. Such a partnership approach is key in supporting the conservation of the Olderkesi Conservancy and surrounding lands—we’re able to draw together Cottar’s longstanding relationships with the community with AWF’s conservation expertise to protect a critical elephant corridor in the Masai Mara,” says Kathleen Fitzgerald, vice president for land protection at African Wildlife Foundation.
The Olderkesi Group Ranch is host to one of the few remaining wildlife corridors in the Mara ecosystem. It is a part of a vital corridor between the Loita/Ngurman Hills and the Masai Mara National Reserve, hosting more than 3,000 elephants and thousands of transient plains herbivores, such as wildebeest, zebra, gazelles and giraffes. Similar to other parts of the Mara, wildlife in Olderkesi is threatened by land use change, habitat loss and blockage of corridors due to human activities. The ever-increasing human–wildlife interface has resulted in increased conflicts, leading to retaliatory killings.
The Olderkesi community area is an essential component of the Serengeti–Mara Ecosystem. It remains one of the last group ranches that have not been subdivided, and thus communities still have access to communal grazing areas, unlike other group ranches in the Mara. “This partnership will enable us to ensure the long-term survival of this critical ecosystem while providing jobs and supporting the local communities in protecting the land upon which they depend,” Calvin Cottar, director, Cottar Safaris.
The Masai Mara Reserve offers one of the Kenya’s premium wildlife reserve and important habitat areas for a great variety of wild African animals. It is unique for its great wildebeest migration, Africa's greatest natural spectacle and central point of branding for Kenya‘s tourism sector.
Ken-Arthur Wekesa is a Senior Manager, Media Relations African Wildlife Foundation (AWF)
